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Home > Historia > 75. rocznica wybuchu Powstania Warszawskiego. O 17.00 w całej Polsce zawyją syreny. Zatrzymaj się by uczcić pamięć poległych powstańców!

75. rocznica wybuchu Powstania Warszawskiego. O 17.00 w całej Polsce zawyją syreny. Zatrzymaj się by uczcić pamięć poległych powstańców!

Autor: SWP - 185682

Na rozkaz Dowódcy Armii Krajowej, gen. Tadeusza Komorowskiego „Bora”, powstanie  w Warszawie rozpoczęło się 1 sierpnia 1944 roku. Zadaniem AK było wyzwolenie stolicy i utrzymanie jej przez kilka dni przed wkroczeniem Armii Czerwonej. Umożliwiłoby to Delegaturze Rządu RP na Kraj, reprezentującej legalny polski rząd na wychodźstwie, objęcie Warszawy władzą cywilną i wystąpienie wobec Sowietów w roli wolnych gospodarzy swojego kraju. Była to ostatnia szansa na ratowanie niepodległości Polski, zdradzonej skrycie przez naszych zachodnich sojuszników – Wielką Brytanię i Stany Zjednoczone.

Dysproporcja sił była skrajnie niekorzystna dla strony polskiej. Wśród 50 tys. żołnierzy Armii Krajowej, Narodowych Sił Zbrojnych i Armii Ludowej, jacy przewinęli się przez nasze oddziały, na 25 przystępujących do walki tylko jeden był uzbrojony, i to w broń krótką.  Tymczasem Niemcy rzucili do walki regularne formacje wojska, SS, policji, żandarmerii i oddziałów pomocniczych, wspomaganych przez ciężką artylerię i lotnictwo. Mimo to powstańcy odnieśli szereg znaczących sukcesów. Opanowali zwarte obszary Śródmieścia, Żoliborza, Mokotowa, Woli i Ochoty. Zdobyli wiele niemieckiego oporządzenia i uzbrojenia, nawet wozy bojowe i pancerne.

Wyzwolili również niemiecki obóz koncentracyjny w Warszawie – Konzentrazionslager Warschau, zwany przez warszawiaków „Gęsiówką”, w którym okupanci przetrzymywali w straszliwych warunkach Żydów z różnych krajów Europy.

Warunkiem ostatecznego powodzenia powstania było wkroczenie do miasta Armii Czerwonej. Tymczasem Józef Stalin rozkazał swoim wojskom zatrzymanie się na linii Wisły i powstrzymanie od aktywnych działań przeciwko Niemcom. Ci ostatni zatem bez przeszkód pacyfikowali miasto, dokonując wielu masowych zbrodni, zarówno na żołnierzach Powstania jak i na ludności cywilnej.

Zrzuty zaopatrzenia dla Powstańców, dokonywane przez lotnictwo zachodnich aliantów (w tym polskich lotników) oraz sowieckie, było kroplą w morzu potrzeb i nie mogło zmienić sytuacji. Wobec braku żywności i wody, 2 października 1944 roku, po 63 dniach bohaterskiej epopei, dowództwo AK było zmuszone podpisać akt „zaprzestania walk w Warszawie”. Do niewoli poszło ok. 17 tys. Powstańców, ok. 15 tys. poległo.

Straty wśród ludności cywilnej szacowane są od 150 do 200 tys. osób. Przez następne miesiące Niemcy metodycznie rabowali, palili i wysadzali w powietrze kolejne części naszej stolicy. Wycofali się z niej ostatecznie 17 stycznia 1945 roku, umożliwiając wkroczenie do Warszawy oddziałom  podporządkowanego komunistom Wojska Polskiego.

Artur Kolęda
Biuro Edukacji Narodowej IPN

Wydarzenia, w których uczestniczy Instytut Pamięci Narodowej w związku z 75. rocznicą wybuchu Powstania Warszawskiego

CENTRALA

  • 31.07.2019, godz 18.00 na Placu Krasińskich odbędzie się uroczysta polowa Msza Święta, Apel Poległych oraz Koncert „Warszawa jest smutna bez Ciebie”. W uroczystościach państwowych Instytut Pamięci Narodowej reprezentowali będą zastępcy prezesa IPN dr Mateusz Szpytma i prof. Krzysztof Szwagrzyk
  • 01.08.2019, godz. 17.00, Godzina „W” – hołd Powstańcom przy Pomniku Gloria Victis odda zastępca prezesa IPN prof. Krzysztof Szwagrzyk, natomiast o godz. 19.30, w uroczystościach składania wieńców na kurhanie, w którym znajdują się prochy ponad 50. tys. mieszkańców stolicy poległych w Powstaniu Warszawskim, modlitwie międzyreligijnej przy Pomniku „Polegli – Niepokonani”  uczestniczył będzie zastępca prezesa IPN Jan Baster
  • 1.08 – 2.10.2019 – Akcja „Pokaż, że pamiętasz” – akcja internetowa polegająca na dokumentacji opieki nad grobami Powstańców
  • Wystawa elementarna „Powstanie Warszawskie 1944. Bitwa o Polskę” – do pobrania ze strony IPN
  • „Biuletyn IPN” nr 7-8/2019 poświęcony Powstaniu Warszawskiemu
  • prezentacja wystawy IPN „Kwatera Ł. Panteon narodowy pod cmentarnym murem” na „Łączce”
  • audycje historyczne w Programie 1 Polskiego Radia, podczas których archiwiści z IPN opowiadać będą o wybranych dokumentach dotyczących Powstania Warszawskiego
  • wrzesień 2019 –  płyta „Dziesięć Kroków – Memoriał Warszawski 1944” – projekt fonograficzny Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej i Fundacji Sztafeta, dotyczący losów i przeżyć ludności cywilnej w czasie Powstania Warszawskiego oraz gehenny wypędzenia z Warszawy, wywózki do obozu Dulag w Pruszkowie i dalszej tułaczki

IPN BIAŁYSTOK

  • 1 .08.2019,  godz. 17.00 – uroczystości upamiętniające 75. rocznicę wybuchu Powstania Warszawskiego pod Pomnikiem Armii Krajowej
  • 1.08.2019 – w centrum Białegostoku rozpocznie się akcja pocztówkowa. Pocztówki wg. projektu Delegatury IPN w Olsztynie będą rozdawane wszystkim spotkanym przechodniom
  • 1.08.2019, godz. 19:00 – spotkanie w Rydzewie, harcerze spotkają się z powstańcami zamieszkującymi województwo podlaskie, opowiedzą  młodzieży o swoich doświadczeniach i udziale w Powstaniu Warszawskim. IPN zaprezentuje filmy, które wpłynęły w ubiegłym roku do siedziby Oddziału IPN w Białymstoku w ramach akcji ,,Złóż życzenia powstańcom”

IPN GDAŃSK

  • 1 .08.2019,  godz. 10.00 – uroczystości upamiętniające 75. rocznicę wybuchu Powstania Warszawskiego pod Pomnikiem Armii Krajowej w Sopocie.
  • 1.08.2019, godz. 17.00 „W”- u stóp pomnika Polskiego Państwa Podziemnego na Targu Rakowym w Gdańsku odbędzie się uroczystość organizowana przez Okręg Pomorski Światowego Związku Żołnierzy AK oraz Miasto Gdańsk.

IPN KATOWICE

IPN KRAKÓW

DELEGATURA IPN W KIELCACH

  • 1.08.2019 – rekonstrukcja historyczna „Gloria Victis” –  Godni Pamięci Powstanie Warszawskie 1944 – 2019
  • 1.08.2019 – uroczystości upamiętniające 75. rocznicę wybuchu Powstania Warszawskiego pod Pomnikiem Harcerrzy Poległych na skwerze Szarych Szeregów

IPN LUBLIN

IPN ŁÓDŹ

IPN RZESZÓW

IPN WARSZAWA

IPN WROCŁAW

  • 6.08.2019 – Dzień Poczt Harcerskich – 75 Rocznica Wybuchu Powstania Warszawskiego i Utworzenia Poczt Harcerskich. W tym dniu odbędą się prelekcje historyczne pracowników IPN poświęcone Historii Powstania Warszawskiego i Historii Poczt Harcerskich

DELEGATURA IPN W OPOLU

  • 1.08.2019 – prezentacja spotu o Powstaniu Warszawskim w Centrum Kongresowo-Wystawienniczym na tzw. Wieży (duży telebim) oraz w Opolskim Urzędzie Wojewódzkim

Źródło: IPN.GOV.PL
Zdjęcia: ipn.gov.pl

SWP
http://strefawolnejprasy.pl/

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